MEMOIR. CHAPTER I.

Youthful prospects--Natural love of biographical history--Author's experience--Object in preparing the work.

A NN T HANE P ECK , the subject of the following narrative, was a young lady of most amiable disposition, distinguished for her devotedness to the cause of Christ, for her personal piety, and a remarkable death-bed experience.

She died at the age of eighteen, in Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 21st of November, 1842. Eighteen! Just developed in their fullness were the beauties of youth! What hopes--what plans are forming at this interesting period of life! How impulsive the passions!


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How bouyant the feelings! How enchanting the prospect! And when death lays his withering hand upon them all, and gathers around the darkness and horrors of the grave, how chilling, how saddening is the thought! And yet, who does not find himself instinctively drawn to the funeral scene; and the more strongly so when youthful hopes and female loveliness lies in ruins, beneath the tread of earth's mighty conqueror. And when this feeling has not degenerated into idle curiosity, it is well; for 'better is it to go to the house of mourning, than to the house of feasting.'

And who does not love to sit down in the social circle and listen while a friend tells the story of some departed loved one? Come, then, my young friends, and we will tell you of our dear young friend. And while we do so, she shall herself occasionally speak to you. She was a lovely girl; lovely, because she was good. Her greatest delight was to do good to others; and although she has gone to her rest, she still speaks. Especially does


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she speak to those of her own age, who are passing from the days of youthful romance to years of realization in time, and the retributions of eternity.

Having been intimately and endearingly connected in the instructions of the Bible-class, and in the pastoral relation, with many between the ages of fifteen and twenty-years, I know full well how sorely young persons of her age are tempted by the world to hurry away in pursuit of its pleasures, to the neglect of Christ and of heaven; and often have I watched with anxious solicitude the agonizing struggle between inclination and duty, and witnessed with unspeakable joy the triumphs of grace in the conversion of many, while I have sorrowfully parted with others as they turned down the road to endless wo!

That I may arrest the attention of those to whom I have alluded, and perhaps interest some of their numerous companions of both sexes, I have been induced to undertake the preparation of this little volume.

In the life and character of the subject of


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this memoir, I hope to present them with a likeness of one with whom they can sympathize; whose virtues will be attractive, and whose end and reward they will delight to share; by trusting in the same Saviour, and by walking in the same way.

CHAPTER II.

Place of her birth--Early traits of character--Obedience--Sickness--Inquiry of her mother--The influence of a mother's prayers--Her physical constitution--Attachment to her brothers and sisters--Death of her sister--Removal of her parents to Cincinnati--Conversion of her father--Family scene changed--Convictions--Protracted meeting--The anxious inquiry--Parents' solicitude--The mental conflict--Incident--Submission--The result--Reflection.

A NN T HANE P ECK , the subject of this memoir, was born in the city of Providence, Rhode Island, on the 1st day of March, 1824. Her father, Dr. William Peck, was a physician of respectability, devoted to his family; but until some years after the birth of his daughter, a stranger to vital godliness. Her mother had long been deeply interested in the subject of religion, and in her the daughter found that sympathy and spiritual guidance so much needed by one just entering on the Christian course. Being the first-born, she


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was naturally the absorbing object of parental love and wathfulness; although from the same cause exposed to much injury from over-indulgence. 'From her infancy,' says one * who knew her well, 'she seemed a consecrated spirit; and ere her feeble pinions were fledged, we behold her essaying to plume them for immortality.'

In her earliest youth, her disposition was amiable, kind, and affectionate to all around her. To her parents she was uniformly and cheerfully obedient; a trait of character the most lovely and important that a child can display. Its importance is far from being limited to the present happiness of either parents or children; for experience shows that it is most intimately connected with conversion to God. Of many young persons, who in early life were well taught in the Scriptures, and


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who have been the subject of many prayers, it may be said that there appears no other reason why they have not been converted, than that they have been perversely disobedient to their parents .

It is easy to conceive that a child who grows up unsubmissive to earthly parents, will be very likely to hold out in rebellion against God, and in disregard of his commands. And facts show beyond a doubt that multitudes are in this way led to resist the influence of precept and example, the means of grace, and the stirrings of the Spirit, live on in impenitence, and die at enmity with their Maker. 'What,' say they in their hearts, 'submit to the commands of Jehovah, while there is no fear of immediate punishment, nor hope of selfish gratification? Never!' The will unaccustomed to yield to lawful authority without a bribe, and the affections set upon forbidden objects, rise in determined opposition, and hold out in bold defiance, until the conscience is seared, the understanding darkened, the truth perverted, the Spirit grieved, and the


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soul lost! Preferring 'to reign in hell, rather than serve in heaven,' of such it will be said in the judgment day, 'Those that would not that I should reign over them, bring hither and slay before me.' While the eye of my youthful reader is passing over this page, does conscience accuse? Then let there be immediate reformation, for disobedience is as unlovely as it is sinful and dangerous.

The subject of this memoir was not only obedient to her parents, but uniformly so to her teachers, whose confidence and affection she never failed to secure. The testimony of one of her teachers, in the following words, clearly proves this assertion:--'During the period of my acquaintance with her as a pupil, she was never, that I recollect, out of place--never deficient in any thing.'

At the age of three years, she was occasionally permitted to attend the Sabbath school. When six years old, she was taken dangerously ill with a fever, and a message was sent to her father, then in New York, to hasten his return, that he might see his daughter


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before she died. But through the merciful interposition of God, she was speedily restored to health. During this sickness, her mind was considerably exercised on the subject of religion. She was thoughtful, and took delight in conversing on spiritual subjects; frequently inquiring respecting the death of Christ, and the way of salvation. While recovering from this attack, she one day thus addressed her mother, who was sitting by her bed-side,--'Mother, how is it that there are three Gods, and yet but one God? I have been thinking a great deal about it; will you explain it to me?' In her last sickness the mystery of this fundamental doctrine was, as we shall see, most wonderfully explained to her. From this time she was often serious--sometimes anxious and concerned about the salvation of her soul.

In early childhood she had been taught to pray. The influence of a mother's instructions and example was not lost. Not only did the mother pray for her daughter, but with her. The daughter was thus impressed with


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the importance of the duty, and encouraged in the practice of it by a mother's presence and example. How impressive such a scene! How hallowed the place!

The physical constitution of Miss Peck was naturally feeble, and she was subject to repeated and severe attacks of disease. Yet she had a willing mind, and devoted herself to her studies, and such family duties as devolved upon her, with great assiduity and perseverance. Patient and uncomplaining, cheerful and happy, she often suffered in secret, and strove to please by attempting what she had neither health nor strength to accomplish.

For her brothers and sisters she uniformly manifested a tender interest and a heart-felt attachment. A single fact will illustrate not only this trait in her character, but also another to which we have already alluded. At the early age of three years she lost a sister, younger than herself, whose name was Susan. When this sister died and was buried, she was greatly troubled. Nothing could divert her mind. Often would she ask her mother to go


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up to heaven and bring Susan back again, and she, herself, as she afterwards told her parents, frequently went into an upper room, and strained her little eyes in looking up towards heaven, hoping that she might see her sister there. At the same time, if she saw her mother weeping, she would try her utmost, in childlike simplicity, to alleviate her sorrow and divert her from its indulgence. In her intercourse with her brothers and sisters, as well as in all her duties, she was remarkably conscientious; and what was at this time only the result of education and intellectual development, afterwards became a settled religious principle.

When she was eight years old, her parents removed to Cincinnati, Ohio. She had yet but seldom attended the Sabbath school. Her father, as we have said, was not a professing Christian, but the importunity of his daughter wrung from him a reluctant permission that she might regularly attend its instructions--a permission which his prejudices soon induced him to recall.

Amiable and conscientious as she was, she was yet far from what she ought to be in the sight of God; for with all her loveliness, both of person and character, she had not the added grace of a renewed spirit.

In the year 1833, her father became personally interested in the subject of religion, and a corresponding change took place in the family arrangements. The domestic altar was reared--the long neglected Bible became a daily companion--the secret place of prayer was sought--the children were consecrated to God and nurtured in his fear. The parents were now united in their endeavors for the salvation of their little ones. The hallowed influences of family religion pervaded the fire-side; the means of grace were sought and improved, and it soon became evident that an important era was dawing [sic] in the spiritual history of the subject of this memoir.

The period has now nearly arrived when the great struggle was to be made in which the Spirit of God 'fights' with the spirit of the sinner, subdues his will, controls his desires,


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and fastens his affections supremely and for ever on the Redeemer--or, grieved by continual resistance, departs, leaving the conscience seared, and the heart hardened, and the sinner the hopeless victim of his own unhallowed warfare. This momentous contest generally takes place the earlier in proportion to the knowledge and the privileges enjoyed. It is a fearful conflict, and awfully tremendous in its issues.

Our young friend had often been thoughtful about her soul--sometimes deeply anxious. The example and prayers of her mother had kept her conscience tender, and her soul alive to a sense of its obligation. God had called and stretched out his hand to deliver, and the means of grace had been attended by the quickening influences of the Holy Spirit; but thus far in vain. She was now in her tenth year, and for one so young knew well her duty and the way of life. But although she made no open, decided opposition to the claims of the gospel, she evidently evinced a strong feeling of hesitancy, if not of aversion,


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when the question of immediate acceptance and obedience came distinctly before her. The natural heart was still at enmity with God, and was not subject to his law. But slight as was the manifestation of this spirit, and accompanied as it was with much that is lovely and of good report, it would have proved, had not the grace of God subdued it, the germ of future everlasting perdition. The great salvation neglected , there is no way of escape from a just recompense of reward due to transgression and disobedience. Unless there be a positive acceptance --a cordial, whole-hearted embrace of the offers of pardon and eternal life, the soul will be ruined for ever, however amiable and moral its possessor may have been.

In the providence of God, the subject of our memoir was soon to be controlled by an influence heretofore unknown to her. In the spring of 1834, a revival of religion took place in the church and society with which her parents were connected; in the progress of which she was deeply awakened to a sense of her


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alienation from God, of her sin in neglecting the Saviour, and of the necessity of a renewed heart. Her parents discovered an unusual seriousness and sensitiveness on the subject of religion, by her coming one day, as was her usual custom when doubts arose in her mind, to consult with her mother on the propriety of her going forward to the 'anxious seat,' when invitation should be given at the close of divine services. From this time she was made a subject of special and earnest prayer. It was not until this time that she fully realized the fearful truth that she was a lost sinner , without God and without hope in the world! 'What shall I do to be saved?' was now her anxious inquiry; a question of greater moment than any other that ever engaged the attention of a mortal, sinful being. Forgiveness, justification, sanctification, and eternal life,--of these she felt her perishing need. And, like all convicted sinners, she first sought them by the deeds of the law. She began to watch her conduct more carefully. Neglected duties were performed; outward


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inconsistencies were banished. The Bible was read with increased diligence, and more faithful attention given to the preaching of the gospel. But all these things only deepened her anxiety, while it increased her interest in the great question. Frequent recourse was had to prayer; not with her mother as before, but alone, by herself, and for herself. And yet there was no sense of sins forgiven, no peace of mind such as she longed for. What should she do? Her mother saw her anxiety and distress, and became more prayerful and anxious herself. Her father's heart was moved; he spoke more tenderly and prayed more fervently than before. Still the young and buoyant spirit of their daughter was borne down with a sense of sin, and her need of an Almighty Saviour and friend. Such an inward conflict was there as those only who have experienced it can know. The mind enlightened, but the heart perverse! The conscience goaded with conviction and remorse, but the will stubbornly rebellious! Youthful and amiable as she was, her mind was agitated


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by the fearful apprehensions of deserved punishment for sin! Deeply affected by alternate hopes and fears, her resolutions of obedience to God were weakened by selfish and sinful wishes to defer the duties of repentance and submission until a more convenient season! But the grace of God triumphed. The Holy Spirit still moved in silence, but in power upon her heart. Mercy, mercy was all she sought--was all she desired. To be like Jesus, and to be with him, was her constant prayer.

The closet was her continual resort, and her pillow was wet with tears, as in the watches of the night she meditated upon the character of God, and the depravity of her own heart. The following incident, taken from the narrative from which we have already quoted, will more clearly show her state of mind, at the time of which we are speaking.

One evening as her mother was engaged in family duties, she heard her daughter praying in her chamber for a long time, and apparently with greater fervency than usual. Deeply interested


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in the discovery, she entered her daughter's apartment and found her in great distress of mind, weeping, and pleading before God, importuning for mercy. The heart-broken suppliant did not notice her mother's presence; and even when a light was brought she was too much engaged to observe her. The struggle continued, till the mother becoming somewhat alarmed, thought it best to interrupt her. 'Oh, mother!' was the first exclamation of the weeping child, 'I am such a sinner! I fear there is no mercy for me!' Her mother immediately knelt by her side with feelings which none but a mother could indulge; and spending some minutes in prayer, sat down to instruct her daughter in the way of salvation. 'Truly, my child,' said she, 'you are just as great a sinner as you think you are; but for just such sinners Jesus died; and that you are a sinner is the very reason why you should trust him.' After continuing the conversation for some time, the mother asked, 'Can you not, my child, trust such a Saviour?' The daughter replied, 'Yes,


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mother, I think I can .' The tumult of her mind immediately began to subside, and she gradually sunk into a quiet repose, which was undisturbed through the night.

The next morning, after completing the usual domestic arrangements, her mother retired to her own chamber, intending to allow her daughter longer time for rest. But she had already risen; and hastening to meet her mother, she threw her arms around her neck, and bursting into tears, said, ' O, I am such a sinner, and God so good! '

Having confessed her sins, and renounced all righteousness of her own, together with the hope and the desire of future repentance, she surrendered herself wholly to the blessed Jesus, saying, in the language of that sweet hymn,
'Lord, I am thine; entirely thine,
Purchased and saved by blood divine;
With full consent, thine I would be,
And own thy sovereign right in me.
Thee, my new master, now I call,
And consecrate to thee my all;
Lord, let me live and die to thee,
Be thine through all eternity.'

Come, now, my young friends, and let us follow her as she leaves that consecrated spot, and turns to follow Christ. See how light her steps! The dreadful burden of sin is gone. What a heavenly smile upon her face, as the soul looks calmly and peacefully out upon the subsiding waters of the deluge of sin! Her tears are wiped away, yet they come again. But not such as before; for now they are tears of joy . She opens her Bible, and it is full of light. As she reads, every feeling of her heart seems to vibrate with peace and hope. Many things are in it, which she never saw before; how interesting! how plain they appear! Here she turns down a leaf, and there another, for the chapter contains something which seems to meet her case. Every truth awakens new feelings, and a renewed interest, as it bursts forth into view, to fill the opening vision of her mind. This tells of Jesus--of his birth, his life, his love, his sufferings. That speaks of his death, his resurrection, and ascension to glory. How wonderful the plan of redemption! and all was


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done that sinners might be saved! She prays again, but it is the prayer of thanksgiving and consecration .

The arrangements of her apartment, hitherto somewhat neglected, receive now their due share of attention and regard. Her step is still buoyant and light, but the bustle of thoughtless gayety no longer annoys the quiet inmates of her happy home. She passes softly from room to room like one just recovered from sickness, or one who has returned after long absence, to greet her parents with a kiss, and her brothers and sisters with a smile. And, strange to her, they appear to be different! she loves them more than ever, and by a variety of little attentions seeks more and more to please them.

Her work seems light, and her lessons at school easy and pleasant. Voluntary self-denial for the good of others, an essential element of true religion, also began to manifest itself. Among other things, she proposed to deny herself the luxuries of sugar and butter, articles considered by many as the necessaries


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of life, and in lieu of them to receive from her parents a weekly allowance in money, which she proposed to devote to the cause of missions. In short, she appeared so altered, that her anxious mother almost feared she had grieved away the Spirit; and yet it seemed the Spirit's work. And so indeed it was; for she had made her peace with God, and all things were new; all was joy and peace. But it was not the peace which comes over the tempest-tossed lake, when chained by the frosts of a northern winter. Nor was it that deceitful peace on which a false hope of heaven is too often founded, when the Spirit leaves the convicted but unrepenting sinner. It was rather like a fountain of water, springing up into eternal life.

In this experience of Ann Thane Peck, my youthful readers may learn what it is to become a Christian. Although all persons who come to Christ have not the same views and feelings, and although the experience of no two is in all respects alike; yet in most cases there is a remarkable similarity. Our late


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friend was young, amiable, and intelligent, yet she was a sinner. And like all other sinners, old or young, needed to be convinced of the fact; and under such conviction to go to Jesus for pardon and salvation. This she did, and the result was as it always is, peace, and love, and hope. She repented and was forgiven. She believed and was saved. She gave up the world and chose Christ for her portion, and found him infinitely more precious than all the pleasures of sin. She banished the love of self, and gave her heart to God. Jesus called her and she hearkened. The Spirit drew her and she yielded. Pardon was offered and she accepted it. Thus was she born of the Spirit, renewed, regenerated, converted, and thus she passed from death unto life; from sin to holiness.

The serious, the momentous duty of repentance demands from the sinner the devotion of all his powers. Serious, deliberate, solemn attention must be given to the subject. The whole soul must be absorbed in it. The world, with its temptations and attractions, must be


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shut out. There must be earnestness, decision, and perseverance. How different is all this from the experience and the expectation of those who think they can secure religion as they secure earthly joys. Who believe that they have become Christians, and yet have never been heartily and really serious! Who call idle mirth, joy in believing; gadding about from house to house, telling about services and prayers,--interest in the salvation of others! and who, when reproved for the freedom of their manners, and their want of reverence in the house of God, call it Christian liberty? There are some who come under the influence of a revival, who are deluded by false hopes of heaven, founded on a momentary feeling; but with them the seed has fallen on rocky ground; and taking no root, it soon withers away. These give the enemy occasion to blaspheme, and the inconsistency of their professions with their practice induces others to say that if that is religion, they want none of it.

My young friends, beware of such examples. To serve God acceptably is a serious


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business, but it brings joy unspeakable, and full of glory. True religion while it encourages occasional retirement, consists not solely in it. Although it chastens the feelings, it does not 'cloud the brow, sharpen the temper, nor deject the spirits;' and, while it invites to frequent contemplation of the joys of heaven, the perfections of God, and the glories of another world, it requires no neglect of the proper duties of this. Its fruits are gentleness, meekness, sobriety, and cheerfulness, mingled with true dignity and true politeness; and it adds a charm to the female character, for the want of which no accomplishment and no attainments can atone.

CHAPTER III.

Ann leaves home--Parting scene--Father's instructions--Visit to her uncle's--The reception--Influence of her cousins--Duties neglected--Religious enjoyment declining--Doubts her acceptance--Her return to God and new consecration--Private memorandum--Meeting with her mother--Returns home--Anxiety for impenitent sinners--Makes a public profession of her faith--Her feelings.

O UR young friend was now for the first time to leave the parental roof, and her piety to be put to the test of new and trying circumstances. A tender flower of the garden, she was but ill prepared for the exposures of the open field. A lamb of the fold, she was ignorant of the temptations and dangers from without. The state of her health rendered a visit to the family of an uncle in a distant state advisable; preparations were made for her departure; and now came the parting scene. The excitement of anticipated pleasures with beloved friends was mingled with


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sorrowful thoughts of leaving others still dearer behind. The parting kiss was embittered by the thought that she might never again return to these scenes of domestic happiness; but the affectionate farewell was uttered, and the young, innocent, confiding, but praying girl was for the first time abroad in the world. A father's counsel and blessing, a mother's tears and prayers, went with her. Her father was well aware that she would be exposed to many snares and temptations. With the earnestness of a parent he had explained their nature, and cautioned her against them. But more particularly had he impressed upon her inexperienced mind the necessity of regular, private devotions; and, having exhorted her to run with patience the race that was set before her, he committed her to a covenant-keeping God.

She reached in safety the residence of her uncle. Here all was new; new scenes, new associations, new companions. The family consisted of her uncle, her aunt, and two cousins. The cousins, rejoicing to see their


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new relative, spared no pains to make her contented and happy. Each vied in their attentions; and each reserved for their visitor the first and best of all their little luxuries. But there was one thing lacking,--the sweet influence of religion was a stranger in the house. As might be expected, our young friend soon began to take more pleasure in the things of the world, and less in the duties of the closet. For a time, indeed, she kept up her usual practice of reading the Bible daily, and kneeling before God in prayer; repeating to her gentle cousins, the sharers of her apartment the instructions which she had received from her father, on leaving home. But this practice of daily devotion, at once simple and sublime, seemed to be offensive to her cousins; and her sensitive feelings being wounded, her decision was shaken, her confidence failed, and she first became afraid lest she should offend them, then ashamed of her professions, and finally altogether neglected the duty of private devotion. The consequence was, that as her light went out, her


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enjoyment was diminished, and she at last lost the 'witness of the Spirit,' and began to doubt whether she had ever been renewed by divine grace.

During this time, however, she was regular in her attendance with her uncle upon the services of the church; and she neither forgot nor neglected the Sabbath school. Here she delighted to assemble with the lambs of the flock, and drink from the fountain of life, opened to her by the kind and faithful teachers. It was here that she was arrested in her backsliding from God, and convinced of her sinfulness in neglecting her secret duties. A pungent exhortation from the beloved pastor to the Sabbath school children, was blessed of God to the awakening of her mind, and leading her to deep repentance, to a life of simple faith, and to childlike obedience. The perusal of a volume peculiarly adapted to her case, was also blessed to the same end. For a season, she was greatly distressed. Her anxiety increased from day to day, until in the bitterness of her soul, she cast herself


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unreservedly on the mercy of the blessed Saviour, and found peace. The joy of salvation was fully restored. Her first love returned in all its fullness. The Bible and prayer were more than ever before fraught with interest and delight. Her heart was filled to overflowing, and when her friends returned from an evening meeting, which she was unable to attend, she flew to her uncle, and clasping him in her arms, while tears of contrite joy streamed from her eyes, told him what the Saviour had done for her. So deep were her convictions at this time, and so joyous her return to God and duty, that at first she thought that till now she had been a stranger to true and heartfelt religion. But after mature reflection, and the comparison of her experience with that of others, and the word of God, she again dated her conversion, as at the first, in 1834. Such are the dealings of God with his children. 'From this time,' says the narrative to which we have more than once referred, 'she never seems to have lost her confidence,


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but to have grown in grace, and in the knowledge of the Lord,
'Till she took her everlasting flight,
From Calvary to Zion's height.'

Two years and a half now passed away since the subject of our narrative left the house of her parents in Cincinnati; an event often referred to as of importance in its influence on her future life. This influence was not confined to herself; for others also, through her instrumentality, shared in the blessing of her restoration to grace. Among those who were affected by her influence and example, were her two cousins, who after her return home, gave themselves to the love and service of Christ,--moved thereto, as we believe, principally by what they had seen in their interesting young visitor.

Some of my youthful readers who take delight in perusing the records of the feelings and the conflicts of the Christian, may perhaps inquire whether our young friend was


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not in the habit of noting down from day to day the result of her Christian experience. We can only say in reply, that if she was in the habit of keeping such a diary, she never permitted her most intimate friends to see it, and perhaps she destroyed it. That she was accustomed to record her feelings and experience, appears from her occasional allusions to such a record. A few fragments remain, one of which we shall quote as an exhibition of the secret workings of her mind, after her return to God from a temporary backsliding of heart. From the date, it will be seen that she was just twelve years old, and had not yet made a public profession of faith in Christ.

' March 10, 1836.--Another Sabbath day is fled, and am I better than I was many years ago? Have I grown in grace, and am I more anxious for the impenitent around me? O Lord, thou knowest. Search me, and know my heart,--try me, and know my thoughts; and see if there be any wicked way in me, and lead me in the way everlasting.


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Grant that I may hereafter be more faithful in reading thy word. How little do I value it compared with what I ought! Help me to understand it aright, and to be more faithful in obeying it. How pleasant it is to be a child of the blessed Jesus! How lovely is his name! how pleasant to the ear! yes, I adore him--yes, I love him! nothing shall separate me from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus, my Lord. My dear Saviour, thou hast displayed to me the light of thy countenance; surely thou art lovely! Who can behold thy glory, and love this world? Wilt thou, my dear Father, deliver me from all pride, and make me humble, meek, and lowly of heart. I want to be holy. O how I want to be holy , like my blessed Saviour in all things.'

Who can read this private memorandum of a child, and not feel that she must have been taught of God? And who can wonder, that after seven years of such teaching and such experience, she was filled 'with all the fullness of God?' As we proceed in her history


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to her death-bed scene, and to her final struggle, the truth of this assertion will more evidently appear.

The arrival of her mother, who had come to her uncle's house on a visit, with the design of taking her home on her return, gave her inexpressible delight. She now had near her a friend who could sympathize with her; to whom she could unbosom her whole heart. Her first act was to relate to her mother the dealings of her Heavenly Father with her since she left home. She returned with her mother to the parental roof, and we find her surrounded by all the endearments of home. From this time she began to manifest a deep solicitude for the salvation of others. The language of her heart was, 'Lord, what wilt thou have me to do?' And when the Master replied, 'Go work in my vineyard, and whatever is right I will give you,' she hesitated not; but in the childlike simplicity of her heart, began to do as she had opportunity. Having found the Saviour precious to her own soul, her heart's desire and prayer to God


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was, that others might also be brought to 'taste and see that the Lord is good.'

One day, after a long time spent in retirement, she came down stairs weeping bitterly. Her little brother on observing her, exclaimed, 'Mother, Ann is sick!' 'No, H., I am not sick; nor would I weep if I were. I have been praying for sinners, and weeping for them.' Feeling that she was truly united to Christ by faith, she was desirous of being united to his disciples by solemn covenant, in fellowship and communion; for she had not yet made a public profession of her attachment to Christ and his cause. Her parents were at that time connected with the Sixth Presbyterian Church, under the pastoral care of Rev. Mr. Norton.

Having been examined as to her acquaintance with religious truth, and the evidences of her hope in Jesus, and having been received by the church, she was permitted, on the 8th of December, 1837, in the fourteenth year of her age, to make a public consecration of herself to the great Jehovah; and to


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cast her lot with the people of God. To her this was not an unmeaning ceremony. She felt that it was a solemn act thus to avouch the Lord to be her God; to whom she would cleave as her chief good, and whose honor and glory she would seek in preference to any and every other object. To her it was a day never to be forgotten, and next to the judgment day the most solemn and deeply responsible. And yet she considered it a privilege as well as a duty thus to devote all she had to him who died to redeem her. Her feelings on this occasion may be described in the language of the following beautiful hymn:
'O happy day, that fixed my choice
On thee, my Saviour, and my God!
Well may this glowing heart rejoice,
And tell its raptures all abroad.

O, happy bond, that seals my vows
To him who merits all my love!
Let cheerful anthems fill the house,
While to his altar now I move.




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High Heaven! that heard the solemn vow,
That vow renewed, shall daily hear!
Till in life's latest hour I bow,
And bless in death a bond so dear.'

She was now at an age when her physical and mental faculties were expanding in all their beauty and strength. The Christian graces were developed in symmetrical proportions, and exhibited a most lovely imitation of Christ. Young, modest, and diffident as she was, and possessed of but a small share of physical strength, she girded herself for the Christian race; she nerved herself for the great contest 'with the world, the flesh, and the devil.' Little did she anticipate how short would be that race; how dreadful that contest! But she was not insensible to the brightness of the crown, the glory of the victory. Through the medium of a lively faith, her whole soul was inspired, and the activity of her energies was kept tremblingly alive by the recollection of that beautiful stanza which has so often cheered and encouraged the believer in the midst of his trials.


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''Tis God's all-animating voice,
That calls me from on high;
`Tis his own hand presents the prize
To mine aspiring eye.'

And she kept constantly pressing forward toward the mark, for the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus her Lord.

CHAPTER IV.

More public character--Sense of propriety--Life of prayer--Female prayer meetings--Symmetrical development of Christian character--Ann's efforts at home--Her little brother--Domestics--Address to her schoolmates and teacher--Fidelity as a tract distributor.

T HUS far, we have spoken of Miss Peck, as a delightful and affectionate child. We now enter upon her history as one assuming the responsibilities of maturer life, and publicly consecrated to God. We propose to follow her from the closet to the family circle; from the family circle to the academy; from the academy to the Sabbath school, and thence to the more humble fields of labor, where through scenes of joy and sorrow, of temptations and victories,
'In duties and in sufferings too,
Her Saviour's path to trace,
As he had done, so she would do,
Depending on his grace.'




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Exposed to the influences, which, in her progress from childhood to the period of blooming youth and mature womanhood, would naturally draw her from the domestic circle, and the restraining regulations of a well-ordered family, such had been her training by affectionate and consistent parents, that she never for a moment supposed it necessary, in order to secure love and respect, to give way to the fashions and frivolities of her sex, or to spend her time in idleness, nor in useless promenades. Her sense of female propriety, her native and attractive modesty, her fixed religious principles, and her respect for parental authority, led her to shun the temptations and allurements of a pleasure-loving and God-hating world, which, unfitting them alike for the delightful, honorable, and responsible duties of social and domestic life, and the purer enjoyments and employments of a spiritual existence beyond the grave, have caused the ruin of so many of her sex.

'From this time,' says her mother, 'the life of my dear Ann was literally a life of


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prayer . I never knew one who prayed so much.' She had a time and a place for her secret devotions. Her rule was, to pray three times a day, a rule which she rigidly observed; and such was the force of habit and so much delight did she take in the practice, that she frequently used to say, 'I can't help praying more.' Often, too, when she had indulged her favorite habit, she would return to her place of retirement to renew her devotions, and seemed unwilling to leave the hallowed spot,--and not unfrequently between her regular hours of prayer she would retire from observation to hold communion with her Saviour. 'It was this practice,' remarks her pastor, in the sermon preached at her funeral, 'which made her piety so remarkable for meekness, activity, uniformity and decision.' While the closet was emphatically the home of her soul, she did not confine her devotions to that retirement. Young as she was, the weekly prayer meeting of the elder sisters of the church was a favorite resort, and here she was not an idle and indifferent spectator, for


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she loved to join in the hallowed services of the occasion. Her example in this respect is full of instruction; especially to those young persons of her own sex, who in excuse for their indifference plead that they have no gift in prayer, or that it is quite unbecoming for them to take the lead when others older than themselves are present.

The following statement will show how highly she estimated the privilege of participating in the exercises of a prayer meeting. Having for several weeks in succession, attended the meeting of the sisters for social prayer, without being called upon to lead in the devotions, she felt a keen disappointment, not of ungratified vanity, but of a sincere desire to offer the incense of a glowing heart on the shrine of her God. On returning home, she thus addressed her mother:--'Mother, I wish I could have the privilege of praying in meeting; it is so sweet to pray!' Some weeks after this, her mother inquired as she came from the meeting, 'Did you pray to-day?' 'Yes, mother,' was the reluctant


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reply, 'but it was so very short!' It did not seem to satisfy her longing soul, accustomed as it was to a feast in the closet; but propriety seemed to dictate a careful observance of time in the social meeting. On another occasion she excused herself from taking any part in the exercises. 'We supposed,' says one who was present at the time, 'that it was on account of a swollen face, from which she was suffering.' But it was far otherwise. Another sister of the church, much older than herself, had first been called upon and had declined; and our young friend from a mistaken sense of propriety, fearing that it would appear forward in one of her years, to take the lead, when one older than herself had asked to be excused, followed her example. But fearing that she had dishonored her Saviour by this refusal, she afterwards suffered great distress of mind, and such was her anguish on that night, that she could not sleep, and her pillow was wet with tears. On hearing of the state of mind, which the circumstance had produced, the sister whose example led her into the


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error, exclaimed, 'I shall never forget this reproof.'

Notwithstanding her readiness to engage in the exercises of social female prayer meetings, our young friend was free from every thing like boldness, officiousness, or presumption. On the contrary, her meekness, modesty, and unwillingness to protrude herself, were the subject of remark. Her approaches to God in prayer, although frequent and protracted, were characterized by humility and affectionate dependence. 'She always made,' says one who was often with her, 'a simple, childlike prayer. Yet no one could hear her pray, without the conviction that she felt as if she were in the immediate presence of Jehovah, communing with him, as a man with his friend.'

We have not dwelt thus minutely upon the evidences of a praying spirit in the subject of this narrative, merely to exalt her character, nor even to stir up the minds of others to the exercise of the same gift. But before we bid adieu to this trait in her character, we desire


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especially to show the connection it had with the salvation of sinners, particularly in the promotion of a revival of religion in the church with which she was united. We are the more anxious that this connection should be distinctly recognized and vividly impressed upon the Christian's heart, that he may be humbled for his past unfaithfulness, and want of co-operation in the great work of redeeming love, learn something of God's ways in promoting his own cause, and encourage every one to beg , even if he feels too weak to labor, or too poor to give.

We have remarked that the Christian character of our young friend was rapidly developed, in symmetrical proportions. The truth of this assertion will appear as we proceed in the narrative. Her Christian traits exhibited no inconsistency; and yet, alas! how often are inconsistencies discovered among those who profess and call themselves Christians. It is much to be lamented that the very frequency of such instances causes them to be unheeded and unreproved.

In the subject of this narrative we find a beautiful blending of the Christian graces,--a striking exhibition of the Christian character. Attached as she was to her closet and to the social circle of prayer, both of which she sought with great avidity, not only for the benefit she would thereby receive, but also for the good she could do, her personal efforts and her labors for the salvation of sinners were abundant and untiring.

In those efforts she began at home , where Christians in general are most reluctant to labor. It is a common remark, 'that we can talk on the subject of personal religion with others, better than with our relations.' It is with this feeling, that parents neglect their children, and children their parents; husbands their wives, and wives their husbands; brothers their sisters, and sisters their brothers. It ought not so to be. It was not so with our young friend. She began with the members of her own family circle; with brothers, sisters, and domestics, praying with them , as


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well as for them, and talking with them as well as praying.

One Sabbath morning she was found weeping, and her little brother, then but seven years old, was seen also in tears. And what does my reader think was the cause? Had they been in a quarrel, or had they been fretting at each other, as brothers and sisters too often do? O, no! The young Christian had been talking and praying with her little brother; he became serious and anxious about his soul's salvation; went to each of his parents to ask them to pray with him, and it is hoped that by the grace of God he there gave his heart to the Saviour.

In a subsequent chapter, we shall have some interesting facts to relate connected with her efforts in behalf of the domestics in the family. We will now follow her into another circle, to show that she did not confine her efforts for the good of souls to the members of her father's family. The young ladies' school, which she was then attending, called


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forth her Christian sympathies, her efforts, and her prayers.

The pupils in the school were statedly required to furnish an original composition, to be read by the instructor before the whole school. The choice of subjects being left to the pupils, the vigilance of our young friend in improving every opportunity for doing good, was seen on an occasion of this kind. She made her exercise the medium of a direct and public appeal to her teachers and fellow-pupils, in behalf of her Saviour. This was indeed a bold effort, for she was now but fifteen years of age. But to show that it was not done thoughtlessly, nor in a self-confident, vain-glorying spirit, we shall present it just as it was written.

CHAPTER V.

Devotional exercises--Diary--Memorandum--Remarks--Wrong views of religion--Social character--Family letter--Prayer--The church a hospital--Effects of spiritual sloth.

T HE inquiry may, perhaps, now be made, what was the history of the subject of our memoir, in her closet, and in her more private duties? Was she constant and faithful there? Is there any journal of her feelings, or any evidences of her religious experience and state of mind? These are important inquiries, and it would be gratifying, we doubt not, could we know the history of her closet exercises. But there is little that is definite and certain on this point, which can be given to our readers. That her devotional exercises were uniform and frequent, that they advanced her Christian graces, and improved her Christian character, is abundantly evident from the facts already presented. Her sister tells us that she used


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to record her religious experience, her trials, her temptations, and her victories; but she rarely preserved the record, or allowed any one to peruse it. Such records seemed to her sensitive mind to be too confidential to be exposed to others; that as they were designed to note only what took place between the soul and its Maker, no other eyes should be permitted to inspect it. But notwithstanding her sensitiveness upon the subject, a few fragments have been accidentally, or rather providentially preserved, which throw much light upon her private walks, and enable us to see the secret workings of her soul. A certain great poet has very justly said,

We confess the truth of this saying, and it is on this account we regret that we cannot present to our readers a regular and connected diary of so remarkable an instance of early piety. We have already presented one of


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her private records, written in March, 1836, after her conversion, and previous to her making a public profession. We shall now present a paper written two years afterwards, which she preserved for her own daily perusal. We give it exactly as we find it in the original.

March 21, 1838.--I resolve this day, in the strength of God, to live more for him than I have in times past. A few days ago it was my fourteenth birthday. Those fourteen years which are past, were spent in sinning. O, that the rest of my life may be spent in serving God! I am resolved to try, the next year, if God spares my life. Lord, help me to begin serving thee anew! I will try these resolutions at least one year.

RESOLUTIONS.

1st. Regular seasons of prayer.

2d. Reading two chapters in the Bible every day, one in the Old Testament, the other in the New.

3d. Never to speak a cross word.

4th. That my thoughts and conversation shall be directed to heavenly things.

5th. To be more careful of other persons' things than my own.

6th. To make the necessary preparation for the Sabbath.

7th. Not to let a moment pass in idleness.

8th. To treat others as I should like to have them treat me.

9th. To do all the good I can.

10th. Not to get angry.

11th. To be punctual in attending meetings when convenient.

12th. Not to let my thoughts wander when I pray, or when others are praying .

13th. When I know my duty, to do it.

I mean to read these resolutions every day, and to set a mark against every one that I break.

The resolutions of Doddridge, Edwards, and others, are justly celebrated, and are thought to have had a powerful influence in


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moulding the future character of those eminent men. Here we have those of a young girl of fourteen; and we venture to say, that they will bear a favorable comparison with any written by the most experienced and devoted Christians. We commend them, not for the elegance of their language, nor the beauty of their style, but for their simplicity, their appropriateness, the deep-toned piety, and the religious experience which they evince; and in these respects we think they have seldom been surpassed. Has the eye of some young person just been perusing them? Permit me to urge a re-perusal. Examine them carefully, with pen in hand. Erase or amend as you may think would improve them, and then say, will you adopt them as your own? and will you try them "at least one year," and honestly endeavor "to read them every day, and set a mark against every one which you break?"

But let us pass them in review. 1st, Regular seasons of prayer. This is all-important, and without conformity to it no Christian can


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make much progress in a divine life. The fourth shows the character of her affections, and the determination of her will. The sixth is one absolutely essential to the enjoyment and profit of the day. The last three are so very excellent as to make any suggestion altogether superfluous. We only ask for them a careful and prayerful examination, and a practical application . We add that the subsequent life of our young friend was in remarkable conformity with the letter and spirit of these resolutions. After diligent inquiry, the writer can truly state that he finds no evidence that any one of them was habitually violated. The result of a rigid and cheerful adherence to them, for four years, the reader can easily anticipate.

There are those, and among young persons of the female sex,--it is a numerous class,--who think religion is calculated to interfere with their innocent social pleasures, and to dry up the fountains of enjoyment. The gayeties of the world, the fascinations of dress, the polite accomplishments, music and dancing, with


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the attentions of the other sex, light reading and lighter conversation, are by them regarded as the sum and substance of happiness; and proficiency in such attainments as the test of female excellence. Domestic duties, plans of benevolence, the labors of the Sabbath school, and tract distribution, prayer and the study of the Bible, anxiety for the conversion of souls, and an interest in the advancement of Christ's kingdom on earth, are, in their estimation, things quite incompatible with the duties which they owe to the world, and destructive to the liveliest enjoyments of youth. If it be so, indeed, how little of happiness can the Christian know, who seeks his enjoyment no where else; and how must angels envy those on whom they now look with pity, because to them is opened a source of happiness which the spiritual nature can never enjoy. But can it be that dress, or fashion, or any of the frivolities of the world, can bring to the opening mind more real happiness than a vision of heavenly glories? More real enjoyment than communion with Christ and the Spirit?--


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Strange infatuation! It cannot be. No! The youthful spirit in the very heyday of pleasure, may find in religion that which refines and animates; that which will exalt and purify every earthly pleasure, and open new sources of enjoyment, more exquisite, more ennobling, ever-enduring. The contrast of gold with dross, of the jewel with the casket, of truth with error, of health with sickness, are but faint illustrations of the subject before us. The result of all experience has uniformly been coincident with that of Solomon, "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity." Why will not the generations that come after profit by this experience? How sad the spectacle of wreck after wreck upon the same reef! Along the stream of life are strewed the ruins of immortal powers and immortal hopes which have been dashed upon the same rock!

Let us now follow the subject of this memoir into the circle of friendship, and inquire whether the influence of religion was maintained in its purity and power there, as well as in the closet; and whether it diminished


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her own happiness in the society of her friends, or their delight in hers. The following incident will throw light on this inquiry.

A young female friend, devotedly pious, but whose piety was of a reserved, perhaps of a gloomy cast, came on a visit to the family. She mingled in the social circle with studied caution. In conversation she was guarded in the extreme, lest she should utter a word which might be thought improper for the edification of those who listened. She sparingly indulged in youthful and even innocent pleasures; and the ascetic moroseness of her manners chilled the feelings of all who appeared in her presence. The buoyant spirit of youth, and the elastic step of health were banished from her presence, or converted into a formal manner and a measured tread. In short, her religion assumed the garb of a lifeless frigidity, and put on a most forbidding aspect. But when she came in contact with our young friend, who she knew was no less prayerful and consecrated to God than herself, she was surprised at the cheerfulness of her manners,


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rejoiced at her freedom from cold formality, which at heart she herself detested, but thought it necessary to assume; and laying aside her own chilling looks and studied stiffness, she copied the cheerful ease of her little friend, and became an agreeable companion. Her society which had been shunned, was now courted, and as she came into the glorious liberty of the children of God, she learned the lesson so beautifully expressed by an experienced writer, that 'the spirit of true religion breathes mildness and affability--it is social, kind, and cheerful; far removed from that gloomy and illiberal superstition which clouds the brow, sharpens the temper, and dejects the spirits, and teaches man to prepare for another world by neglecting the kindness and the courtesies of this.'

The following letter to her sister, whom, with her brother, we shall have frequent occasion to mention, will show the force and purity of her affection. They were both younger than herself, and had both recently left home for a distant part of the country, expecting to


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be absent for a long time, on a visit to her relations.

CHAPTER VI.

Connection of prayer with revivals--Ann's anxiety for a revival--Her conversation--Constraining love of Christ--Character of revivals--Ann's assurance of a blessing--The result--Conversion of one of the family--Letter to her cousins and aunt--Her interest in behalf of the slave, kind and candid, but uncompromising--Disposition of some money in her last hours.

I T is delightful to trace the rise and progress of a revival, and to discover the wonderful operations of God in the extension of the Redeemer's kingdom. It is like tracing the river to its source, and following it to the boundless ocean, towards which it tends. As we trace its windings upwards, we are led through glade and glen, through fields and forests, and in our course we notice with delight the beauties of the tributaries as they pour their richness into its bosom, to swell the tide of the majestic stream. As we proceed, the mighty river dwindles to a brook, whose


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gushings grow out from a living spring in some secluded spot, fed by some exhaustless fountain, concealed from human observation.

In a manner strictly analogous may we trace to its source, the cause of those outpourings of the Spirit which in the revival so clearly appear; for be the immediate agency what it may, and however it may be accelerated or increased by circumstances of human action, it is the unseen fountain of all goodness which feeds the spring of the waters of life, and gives them their fertility and their flow. The brook which feeds, or the streamlet which becomes the river, may gush from rock or crevice from the side of the mountain, or the depth of the valley, its source is still the same.

We might pursue this figure further, and show how the waters of the river are borne to the boundless ocean, scattering their fertility in their progress, until they are swallowed in the deep abyss. We might follow them on the broad bosom of the ocean, until warmed and vivified by the genial rays of the sun,


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they 'take them wings and spring aloft in air,' and again descend in refreshing showers to give fertility to the field, or to feed the fountain whence they rose. Strictly analogous still would be the operations of the Spirit in the progress of its outpourings, until its objects are borne to the ocean of eternity. The Sun of Righteousness refuses not his influence. The blessed objects now borne in his arms to heaven, have not lost their influence on earth. Their memory still lives. Though dead, they yet speak, and their example, as it is recorded, like that of the subject of this memoir, becomes one of the appointed means employed by the fountain of all goodness for another flow, another out-pouring like that which it is our aim to describe.

We have already alluded to the devotional spirit of the subject of this memoir, and have suggested the connection which it had with a revival of religion which took place in the church of which she was a member. We propose now to endeavor to trace this connection.

During the summer and autumn of 1839, she was exercised by the deepest emotions of which the human heart is susceptible. She was filled with anxiety for the spiritual welfare of others, and with horror at the thought of the dreadful fate which awaits a life of impenitence and sin. Her closet was more frequently visited than ever, her countenance became not only more serious but sad; and in her returns from her private devotions, her whole appearance intimated an inward struggle as if she had literally been ' wrestling in prayer .' Her conversation was solemn and earnest. Deeper and deeper grew the anxiety and solicitude of her soul for the conversion of sinners, till, in the language of her mother, who was always her confidant in spiritual as well as temporal matters, 'her distress and agony of mind was very great .' She saw them at enmity with God, rejecting the priceless salvation of Jesus. She saw them on the very verge of the bottomless pit. She heard the roaring tempest of Almighty wrath, threatening to overtake them unless


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they fled for refuge and laid hold on the hope set before them in the gospel! The telescopic vision of faith let in a flood of light from the eternal world, that revealed in startling contrast the joys of heaven, and the woes of hell. To escape the one and secure the other, 'one way,' 'one door,' only seemed to be opened. Time was passing like a weaver's shuttle,--death and the judgment seemed near at hand,--there was not a moment to be lost. She pleaded as for her own life, in behalf of sinners. Her heart was set upon a revival of religion. She knew that the fervent prayer of the righteous availeth much. She had faith in the efficacy of prayer. She had an inward feeling that her prayers would be answered by refreshing showers of divine grace. She prayed the more and more earnestly, and the blessing came.

Her mind was relieved of its burden, and she rejoiced as one that had obtained a victory. She had, as she thought and believed, prevailed with God, as a man prevaileth with his friend. The members of the church were


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greatly revived, the means of grace were multiplied and attended with power from on high. The result was the conversion of more than one hundred and twenty-five sinners, who united with the church of which she was a member.

It is not intended in this recital, to intimate, much less to express the opinion, that her prayers were the only instrumentality in this work. There might have been others groaning in spirit, being burdened, at the same time, and for the same object. All we wish to show is, the obvious connection between the agonizing prayer of our young friend, and the result as an answer to that prayer. And this we do to witness that God is true; and that every Christian who reads these pages may be encouraged 'to go and do likewise.'

When the work of God commenced, she was at her post, watching as for the morning. The agony of the closet was over, and the shower began to descend; but still there was a work--a great work to be done. Poor,


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perishing sinners were to be brought under its influence. The Sabbath school, the tract distribution, the prayer meeting; brothers and sisters, and domestics in the family, all were objects of absorbing interest and fidelity. Among the number of those who through her instrumentality, were at this time brought to the knowledge of the truth as it is in Jesus, a domestic then living in her father's family, may be particularly mentioned; who, as the head of a family, and a conspicuous member of a new colony church, now adorns the doctrine of God her Saviour. Others, also, who at different times have resided in the family, in the same relation, ascribe their conversion, under God, to her faithful labors and affectionate interest.

While she was thus active and concerned about the work of God, so successfully going on in her own immediate neighborhood, she was not unmindful of her friends at a distance. For them she not only prayed but labored as far as circumstances would permit. The following letter to her cousins, residing in a


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neighboring State, will show the means which she employed to reach and to affect them. The original was written in pencil, evidently in great haste, and probably after the family had retired to rest.

CHAPTER VII.

Most interesting portion of the narrative--Death in youth--Soldier's death--Mrs. Hamline's remarks--Ann's patience--Visit in Kentucky--Letter to her parents--Enters upon the last conflict--Her father's letter--Jesus precious--A thrilling incident--Ann supposed to be near her end--Great suffering--Heaven near--Messages to friends--Desires the prayers of the church--Miss E. sent for--Ann filled with hope and joy--Desires pious watchers.

W E come now to the most interesting portion of our narrative, the closing scene of her earthly pilgrimage. It is sad to look upon one so lovely and so good--lovely because good--sinking under the attacks of disease, beyond the reach of human skill, and cut down at the very dawning of maturity. Youthful affections crushed! Youthful hopes blasted! Youthful plans frustrated, and youthful strength and beauty, all blended in ruin! A father's pride and a mother's joy, snatched by the king of terrors from their


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fond embrace, at the time when the loss will afflict them most sorely. It is sad to see the bold and gallant defender of his country cut down upon the field of battle while yet in all the vigor and beauty of early manhood. But the dauntless courage, the matchless skill, and the glorious victories which commemorate his fall, throw around him a halo, which dazzles the eyes and dispels the gloom occasioned by his death. But the young soldier of the cross--the heroine of spiritual conquests and victories, when she falls, awakens a deeper interest.

In the death of the subject of this narrative, says the lady whom we have occasionally quoted, is a sublimity which we cannot contemplate, but with awe; and upon which angels must have gazed with admiration. But it was all of grace. It was the divine image stamped upon a fallen soul, and this image clearly retained during years of intercourse with a fallen world; it was the meek, retiring female, transformed into the Christian soldier.'

Under afflictions and trials, she was resigned and submissive. There was no bracing up of the soul to bear as well as it might, what could not be avoided; but a spirit which said, 'It is my Father, let him do what seemeth him good.' 'Tis sweet,' she would often say, 'to lie passive in his hands, and know no will but his.' Patience appeared to have its perfect work. There was no murmuring word--no long drawn sigh of impatience and discontent. Why she was thus afflicted, she cared not to know. The general truth that it was for her spiritual good and God's glory was, to her, sufficient and satisfactory. She believed that the end of her creation, and of redemption was to honor her Saviour. This she could do as fully and as faithfully upon a sick-bed, as at a missionary station-- suffering , as well as by doing his will. From time to time she visited her friends at a distance, for the purpose of regaining her health. The following extract from a letter to her parents, written while on a visit to her aunt's in Kentucky, will show


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the state of her mind when away from home, and suffering severely from a painful and wasting disease.

CHAPTER VIII.

Most remarkable scenes--Incident--Remarks of Miss E.--Heavenly music--Vision of angels--Room filled with wondering spectators--Father's account of the scene, written to his absent children--Visit of pastor--Graphic description of what he witnessed--Friends leave late at night, philosophizing.

T HURSDAY , the tenth day of November, was a day of wonders in the history of our friend. We have before remarked that while she was in health, she said but little of her religious feelings. Such was her natural self-distrust, that the occasional records that she kept of her feelings and experience, were not only kept from the knowledge of others, but generally destroyed as soon as written. There was nothing in her constitutional temperament that might be called enthusiastic. There was no overflow of animal feeling--no tendency to nervous excitement. In the history of her religious experience, we find nothing of rapture


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or ecstasy, until the evening of this day. But when her friends, and she herself, thought she was dying, and when in answer to the most earnest and persevering supplications, her mind was filled with new and delightful views of Christ and the New Jerusalem, then, and not till then, all reserve was thrown off, and we see the workings of divine grace filling her with enthusiasm, with rapture, and with ecstasy. But even in the midst of her feelings of strongest excitement, she never for a moment forgot the delicacy and propriety expected from her sex. She even carried the feeling so far, that when on bidding farewell to her friends, she had given a parting kiss to her parents, to her brothers and sisters, she refused to extend the same favor to her pastor, until she was assured by her mother of the propriety of the act. This was the more noticeable, as her pastor was the head of a family, and she loved him next to her father, and never expected again to meet him on this side of the grave.

We have said that the remarkable experience


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of our young friend was intimately connected with prayer. This is obvious. The reader will notice that on the day preceding the one we have last mentioned, her mind was directed with unusual interest to the subject of personal holiness and sanctification. All this day, we are assured by her friends, she was engaged in prayer--occasionally exclaiming that she desired more of her Saviour's presence. In connection with this fact, the reader will bear in mind what is said of the state of her feelings; and he will not doubt, we think, the truth of the assertion that it was in answer to earnest and persevering prayer, that Christ and the New Jerusalem were revealed to her in so wonderful a manner. But we hasten to the scenes of the evening. A friend who had come to watch with her, thus describes them.

'We thought her failing rapidly, and through the evening were looking for a change. But how different the change from what we were expecting. It was as one passing from death to life, rather than from life to death.


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A few moments before ten o'clock, we observed her smiling, with her eyes open, hands clasped, and raised towards heaven. Her countenance was expressive of the greatest possible delight. It was not a vacant stare, the eye resting on empty space; neither was it a stupid, or delirious gaze, but a look of love and joy, mingled with transport. It was evident to all that Ann saw and heard something unusual and wonderful, which filled her soul with thoughts unutterable. Her mother now approached her pillow, and said, "Ann, why do you smile?" The reply was subdued, and expressive of the mind's attention to something of absorbing interest. "I hear sweet music," said she, "very faint and far distant. I never heard such music before;" and she began to wave her hands to and fro, as though endeavoring to attract the attention of some one at a distance, and beckon them near. "Hark! hark!" said she, "It is coming, nearer, nearer. Yes, I see them now! O, how many!" "What do you see, Ann?" said her mother. "I see angels!" "How


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do they look?" "I cannot describe them, mother--it is by faith I see them." Yes, faith had now become the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen, in a sense more literal than ever before. Presently she exclaimed, "O, I thought I should die to-night,--I had an impression that I should," and turning to her father, who stood by her side watching every symptom with intense interest, she said, "Is this dying, father! why this does not seem like dying." And then with exulting tones that might have been heard in the adjoining apartment, she shouted, "O, death, where is thy sting? O, grave, where is thy victory?" With a countenance and manner which no language can describe, she then repeated the stanza.
'"O, glorious hour! O, blest abode!
I shall be near and like my God;
And flesh and sin no more control
The sacred pleasures of my soul."

Her friends had now assembled in such numbers as almost to fill the room, and had called


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for light after light in succession, that they might more satisfactorily behold the supernatural brightness that rested upon her countenance, till the whole room was strongly illuminated.'

Her pastor had been sent for, and was now present. He has given, in a funeral sermon, a minute and faithful description of the thrilling scenes which followed; and we have been permitted to take some extracts from it although the sermon was not designed for publication. The statements of her pastor are corroborated by other evidence, which we shall take occasion to introduce. Wonderful as are the facts about to be related, we have reason to believe that they are not exaggerated. At the time of their occurrence, there was nothing in the circumstances calculated to shake conviction that all was real, and just as it seemed.

We shall introduce the relation, with a few extracts from a letter of her father to his absent children, in continuation of a letter of the tenth of the same month. It will be seen by its date that it was written on the day of her


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death, four days after the occurrences he mentions.

CHAPTER IX.

Awoke calm and refreshed--Visit of Sabbath school class--Ann's anxiety for others--Conversation with visitors and friends--Their convictions--Clear views--Great joy--Hope of recovering--Scenes of the Sabbath--Miss E. reads the forty-second Psalm--Family prayer--Health improves--Occasional paroxysms--Patience--Conversation with her father--Sanctification--Vivid views of spiritual things--Awful warnings to the impenitent--Great changes--Singing--Exulting in triumph.

O N the following morning she awoke, evidently refreshed by a few hours of quiet sleep. Her mind was calm and vigorous, her health seemed to be improved, and there was no appearance of a re-action either in the physical or mental powers; nothing like nervous debility or morbid insensibility. Her ecstatic feelings, and the remarkable light of her countenance were, it is true, somewhat diminished; but she said that the Saviour was still with her in all his blessed fullness.

She conversed freely and understandingly on the scenes which had transpired during the night, and looked upon them as nothing less than sober realities. And this was the general belief of all who witnessed them. They were then, and they are now persuaded, that she really and truly saw and heard all that she appeared to see and hear. A pious and intelligent lady of her acquaintance, on entering Ann's apartment this morning, was so surprised at the unusual and heavenly appearance of her countenance, the strength and tone of her voice, and the clearness and vigor of her mind, although all these indications were much less strongly developed than on the previous evening, that she involuntarially exclaimed, 'O, how wonderful, how wonderful!' Another friend who was an eye-witness of these scenes, says, 'I yet well remember the unearthly language of her lips. Her words seemed like angel's words, and with so much of heaven in her countenance that it appeared as if we were standing in the entrance way of eternity.' During the day our


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young friend engaged freely in conversation with the family, and with friends who called. Sometimes she spoke of family affairs; at others, of the church and of the cause of Christ; and occasionally to her mother of the halo of light and glory which surrounded the pillow. In the afternoon she desired to see her Sabbath school class. Some of them were sent for, and she rejoiced to see them once more. In her winning manner, she warned and exhorted them to repent and come to Jesus; but on account of her weakness she could say but little. That little, however, was much to the purpose, and, under God, was the means of bringing one at least of her little pupils to the knowledge of the way of life,--for that Sabbath school pupil was soon after rejoicing in Christ Jesus. To the absent members of her class, our dying friend sent most affectionate and awakening messages.

We have stated that family affairs were one of the topics of her conversation. Among these, that which seemed to interest her the


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most, was the salvation of her little brothers and sisters. This subject she mentioned to her mother alone. She manifested much solicitude and pleaded with great earnestness in their behalf. 'O, mother,' said she, 'do be faithful to them while they are young, very young. They may all be converted--they will be, mother, if they are taught and prayed for, and prayed with, as God directs.' When some one was speaking of the events of the last evening she expressed much regret that two individuals, whom she named, particular friends of the family, were not present at that time. They were impenitent, and she thought, as she said, 'it might have been blessed to their souls to see what Jesus could do for a dying soul.'

Among the many friends and acquaintance who had heard of what transpired the evening before, and had come in to see her, were some who were estranged from God. These she most affectionately warned of their guilt and danger, and exhorted to repentance. One there was especially, with whom, from a


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natural timidity, or from the fear of giving offence she had never conversed freely upon the subject of the soul's salvation. She rejoiced now, in the opportunity of giving solemn exhortation, and she faithfully improved it. It was done in kindness and in love; but with such solemnity of air and manner, that the heart must have been of stone, that was not moved by it. So earnest was she in this case, that from day to day, so long as she lived, her anxious inquiries were repeated as to the result, and to the particular state of mind it had produced in the individual.

A cousin, also, who listened to her conversation about Christ and Christians, became very much affected in view of her own condition. A similar case occurred on the evening of those remarkable circumstances we have mentioned. A young man was present, who was still in a state of impenitence. As he was standing by her bed-side, in utter amazement at the scene before him, she fixed her full, dark eye on him, took his hand in her's [sic] , and with all the kindness and importunity of a


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ministering angel besought him at once and in earnest to attend to the welfare of his soul, and she would not relinquish his hand until he promised 'Yes, I will, I will.' Remembering this promise she greatly rejoiced, and while she lived she repeatedly said, 'He did promise, did he not?'

The next day was Saturday, the twelfth of November, and she still continued apparently to amend. Her mind was filled with peace and joy, but there was nothing particularly remarkable in her appearance. She conversed freely with all who came to see her, and manifested a deep interest in the sanctification of believers. She desired to see the members of the church, and expressed a hearty wish, to die the next day, because it would be the Sabbath. On the whole, her feelings were much the same, and as freely expressed, as they were on the day before. She repeated to the friends, who visited her, her views of a higher standard of personal piety and Christian self-denial. She said to her mother, that the Saviour had been


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teaching her on divine things, as he never had done before. She was so much better this day that she suggested to her parents the possibility of her recovery. In the course of conversation she proposed to them that they should appropriate a certain sum for her clothing and other little matters, and permit her to dispose of it as she thought best; remarking, that she thought by economy she could save something for benevolent purposes. And here we remind the reader of a similar proposition that she made at the age of ten, having reference to abstinence from certain luxuries, an example which was followed by her brothers and sisters.

Soon after what we have related, a chill came over her, accompanied by fever, and she could converse no more.

On the Sabbath of November the thirteenth, the same friend who had so faithfully attended her, had been watching with her through the night. 'Her sufferings,' says this friend, 'were very intense, but the Saviour was evidently present and precious


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to her. At times, she was able to converse freely. Among other things, she spoke with deep interest, and strong conviction that there soon would be a revival of religion in the church of which she was a member. This subject, she said, had lain upon her mind for many days. During the night, notwithstanding her weakness, and her sufferings, she prayed particularly for a revival, with unusual earnestness and faith. 'The Lord is coming,' she exclaimed, with confiding interest, 'to set up his kingdom in the hearts of men,' and then added, ' There must be more praying .'

Before leaving her, her friend and faithful attendant read to her the forty-second Psalm, 'As the hart panteth after the water-brook, so panteth my soul after thee, O God. My soul thirsteth for God, for the living God; when shall I come and appear before God?' 'These were just my feelings on Thursday,' she exclaimed. The reader will recollect that she spent that day in prayer. How wonderfully did God reveal himself in answer to that prayer. At family worship this


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morning, her father read that chapter of the Gospel of John, which contains the Saviour's last prayer. The sentiments of that chapter, the seventeenth, always precious and comforting, were now so fully comprehended in all their deep and spiritual import, that every feeling of the soul seemed to thrill under their life-giving power. It will be recollected, that during her transports of Thursday night, her views of God in Trinity, were such as the Holy Ghost alone could inspire. Those views still remained, and their accordance with the declarations contained in that chapter, gave her inexpressible delight.

The Sabbath was always to her a day of special delight, but this one was more particularly so. She considered the Sabbath as a holy day, set apart from common use, and consecrated to the worship of Jehovah. Her mother being detained from public worship, it sorely grieved the daughter to see her mother giving, what she thought, an undue share of attention to domestic duties. She even spoke to her about it, and respectfully


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suggested that the sanctity of the day should be strictly observed, and that its hallowed hours should be spent, as far as it was possible, in communion with God, and in doing good to the souls of men. So anxious was she that God should be glorified, by the proper observance of the day, and that the soul of her mother should be blest, she even ventured to hint to her mother that she seemed too much like Martha, 'cumbered with much serving;' and too anxious about worldly things. So earnest was she in her intercessions upon this subject, that upon reflection she was fearful that her remarks had too much the appearance of reproof, inconsistent with proper respect in a daughter. It was indeed a bold step, and she was apprehensive that her zeal had outrun her discretion. The thought gave her much pain, and she could not be composed until she had humbly apologized to her mother, and earnestly besought her forgiveness, if she had in the least degree wounded her feelings. Yet there was nothing in what she said, nor


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in her manner of saying it, inconsistent with the respect due from a daughter. But such was her sensitiveness, that she shrunk with apprehension from even an appearance of disrespect.

On the following day she appeared to be better, though at intervals the paroxysms of pain returned. She was happy, and improved every little opportunity for doing good. The children of her Sabbath school class frequently visited her; and with them she was affectionate and faithful. She had labored with them, and prayed for them for two years; and now, that she was about to leave them for ever, her warnings were solemn, her entreaties urgent, and her prayers fervent. Two ladies calling to see her, asked about her class. The bare inquiry excited emotions too full for utterance, and she burst into tears without uttering a word.

The next day, Tuesday, she continued patient and composed. Christ was evidently her joy and support. She appeared like one expecting to go on a journey, and already


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in waiting to be called for. Friends and strangers who called, were exhorted and warned. With Christians she took great delight, continually entreating them to seek higher attainments in the divine life, to secure holiness of heart, and to make an entire consecration of themselves to God. These graces were most remarkably developed in her own character. Herself, her all, she considered set apart for holy purposes. After a night of comparative ease, she entered upon the scenes of the next day with unusual animation. She spoke freely with her father about her disease, and really began to entertain expectations that she should yet be well. ' All one side is well ,' said she to her father, with an affectionate and consoling emphasis. 'And there is only a little difficulty here,' laying her hand upon her left side. 'But, my daughter,' said her father, 'if you could have your choice, to get well, and live in health many years, or to die now, which would you choose?' 'Why, father, if it was for me to choose, I would rather die now,'


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said she. 'But I am just as willing to live, if it is the Saviour's will.'

There were two female domestics in the family, who, gay and thoughtless, had given little attention to religion. She faithfully labored to bring them to Christ. The seed thus sown was not lost, for one of them very shortly after the death of our young friend, became the subject of a hopeful conversion, and declared that the warnings of her friend were ever ringing in her ears, and troubling her conscience, until she submitted to God, and found peace in believing. No one can conceive the vividness and reality with which she brought spiritual truth and religious subjects to the minds of her friends and visitors. Did she speak of heaven, and its blessed inhabitants?--it was as one speaking of things and scenes present and familiar, and she did it with indescribable interest and joy. Did she allude to hell?--it was with the same, or if possible, with a clearer conception of all its woes. Hell, and the lost, were as much a reality in her mind, as heaven. When she


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entreated or warned, it was evident to all that she was conscious of the force of her expressions. She spoke of spiritual and divine things like one risen from the dead, more than like one about to die.

Another incident that occurred during her illness, deserves to be mentioned. Her pastor had promised to call and see her on a certain evening, and she anticipated the interview with much delight. 'How pleasant it will be to talk with him about heaven,' said she, to those around her. When the evening arrived, the expected visit was delayed, and she expressed much anxiety lest it should be omitted that night. 'Did he not promise to come, mother?' she asked with some anxiety. Then changing the subject, she spoke of her views and feelings, until the scenes of that memorable Thursday night were almost revived and repeated. Her face again became radiant with a heavenly light, her eye beamed with unusual lustre, and her voice assumed more strength and vivacity. When the clergyman arrived, a paroxysm unfortunately came


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upon her, which prevented the anticipated enjoyment of conversation. This was a severe disappointment, and she afterwards alluded to it with much feeling.

A week had elapsed since those remarkable scenes which we have related, occurred. The impressions of that night had never been obliterated, scarcely obscured. Christ seemed just as near and precious, although not revealed in such power and glory. When speaking of recovery, she often repeated the desire that the views and impressions of that night might never be effaced from her mind, or lose their power by length of time, and intercourse with the world. So vivid were they at this time, that she addressed her father, who was humming a tune for the amusement of the children, respectfully requesting him to desist; and on inquiring why she made the request, she replied, evidently referring to the celestial music that filled her ear,--'Because it is so different from that I have been hearing, that it appears insipid.'

On Friday, the seventeenth of November, she seemed to be anxiously waiting for the coming of her Lord, and still seeking to improve every remaining hour for the glory of God, and the good of souls. The great salvation--its fullness and freeness, was her theme. On her quoting the expression, 'the blood of Christ cleanseth from all sin,' some one present asked her if she felt that she was cleansed from all sin? 'Yes,' she replied, 'but I find I can still sin.' 'How,' she was asked, 'do you think you have sinned, since you became so happy?' 'By forgetting my Saviour,' she replied. 'I have thought too much about my sufferings. But Christ is still with me.'

On the following day there was an alarming change in her symptoms. The following extract from her father's letter to the absent children, will best describe it.

'On Saturday morning Ann was taken with a chill, followed by fever. This was accompanied with great pain and tumefaction,


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from the effects of which she never recovered, but continued to fail every moment until she died.'

But her soul was quietly and happily expecting to rest in the arms of her Saviour. There was no rapture--no ecstasies. She was calm and collected, tranquil and composed. The same dear friend, whom we have frequently mentioned, again watched with her during the night. Her sufferings then re-commenced, and she was almost in an agony; but while she was thus excruciated with pain, a letter was received from her sister; and she seemed to forget her sufferings, as she earnestly inquired, 'Was it to me?' and she then expressed the wish that it might be read and even re-read to her. During the night, although her sufferings were so great as to prevent distinct articulation, she sung several hymns, the words of which appeared to be peculiarly appropriate to her situation; among them, was the hymn which begins with the line,
'All is well,--all is well;'




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and Pope's beautiful lines, entitled, 'The Dying Christian,' which contains the expression,

Her father, standing by her bed-side with his hand upon her pulse, remarked, 'My daughter, unless some change take place, you will not be with us long.' Her features immediately assumed a most interesting appearance, and fixing her eyes upon him, shouted, 'Glory! glory!! glory!!!--I'm going home, I'm going home!' This exulting expression brought in a friend from an adjoining room, ' O, I'm going home! I'm going home! ' she repeated with rapturous delight.

Her father, fearing that she might lose the control of her mind by such exhausting efforts, gently checked her, and she immediately became composed; thus showing a perfect command of her feelings. Being assured that she was in full possession of her reason, and that there was no unnatural nervous excitement,


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he afterwards encouraged her not to repress her emotions, but to give them free vent.

CHAPTER X.

Last Sabbath--Miss E. reads the twenty-first and twenty-second chapters of Revelations--Effect--Taking a final leave--Harriet and Edwin--Deep impressions--Death begins its work--Calmness--Sweet anticipations--Severe pain--Resignation and confidence--Triumphs--Final scene.

T HE Sabbath of the nineteenth of November, was the last Sabbath in her life. She spoke of it as such, and as such wished to observe it, that it might be what it was designed to be, a foretaste of 'the heavenly Sabbath,'--'the rest which remains for the people of God.' It was also the last day of her life. How near to eternity! One day , and earth exchanged for heaven! the mortal clothed in immortality, and death swallowed up in victory! During the night previous, her sufferings, as we have stated, had been intense, but her soul was elevated above her sufferings. She seemed enraptured at the


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thought that this would probably be her last Sabbath on earth, and she often exclaimed, 'I shall soon be through.' Then she repeated, as well as her strength would allow, the favorite hymn,

Before leaving her on this Sabbath morning, her faithful friend read to her the last two chapters in the Bible. These chapters were strikingly descriptive of what she already possessed by faith, and would soon realize in all its blessed fullness and glory. She enjoyed the reading much, and exclaimed, 'O, beautiful!--beautiful!--blessed!--I shall soon be there! Yes, that is it --even so, Lord Jesus, come quickly.' Other expressions in the same chapter clearly showed the perfect coincidence of her views and expectations with the word of God. The effect was so overpowering that she besought her friend to desist, for she could hear no more.

Her friend then brought in the children, and lifted them up to her pillow. She most tenderly


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embraced them and commended them to the blessed Saviour.

Her preparation for eternity seemed to be finished; there appeared nothing remaining to be done, but barely to die. Yet every remaining hour her thoughts were employed in the good of others. Strangers and friends that came in to see her, the teachers and scholars from the Sabbath school, the servants and children in the family, were again and again warned, and exhorted to repentance and a life of faith, obedience and love.

As her mother came into the chamber during the day, she met the younger children coming out of it in tears. The little son was then in his fourth, and the little daughter in her sixth year. They afterwards told their mother that their sister had been talking to them about Christ and heaven, and that she made them promise to pray three times a day--morning, noon, and night. So deep were the impressions then made upon the mind of even the youngest, that it has never been effaced. The hallowed associations of the


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occasion have stamped it indelibly on his mind.

Through the day our dying young friend suffered much pain from a difficulty of breathing. The door being thrown open, she exclaimed, 'Well, I shall soon be where there is free air, and pure. There I shall not suffer in breathing.' On her mother's inquiring whether she still felt willing to live, she sweetly replied, 'Yes, if it is God's will. But it would be hard to be sent back to earth, after being so near to heaven!'

The evening came, and the hour of her dissolution was at hand. Of this she appeared to be fully sensible, and talked about it with much composure and freedom. When told that she could not possibly live more than a few hours longer, she expressed great joy, and commenced singing,
'Oh! the pain, the bliss of dying.'

When the pain became so severe that she could not repress her feelings, she mingled the words of consolation with her groans, and insensibly


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changed the sound to a note of exultation.

Wishing to know from time to time whether she was easier, her father asked the question repeatedly. She at last expressed the desire that he would not ask again, as she did not wish to think of her pains.

About eight o'clock in the evening, death began its work; and she calmly said to her father, as he sat by her side, ' Father, how long do you think it will be before I get through? ' 'Not long, my daughter,' he replied; 'death has already commenced in a part of your system. Is the Saviour with you still?' 'O yes,' said she, 'and as precious as ever! He is not only with me, father, but in me, and I in him!' 'Do you feel happy as death approaches?' 'Oh, unspeakably happy!' Again her father said to her, 'We are expecting that every moment will be your last; are you glad?' ' Yes, sir ,' was the earnest reply. When wearied with talking, she requested those around her to sing; and in the very agonies of death she called her


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uncle, and requested him to sing the stanza beginning with the line,
'When I've been there ten thousand years.'

A few moments before her death, her father asked her whether the Saviour was with her still? 'Yes,' she replied, 'near and dear. I fear no evil. All is well!' and added in a tone indicating surprise, 'but I can't think ,--what is the reason, father?'--(meaning that she could not control and concentrate her thoughts as she had done.) Her father, in explanation, told her that the brain was the organ of thought, and that it was dying with the rest of the body. This satisfied her. In a few moments she added, 'But the mind will continue to think, independent of the body, forever.'

Her pains now became very severe; the muscles of the throat lost their action, and finding it impossible to swallow, she asked her father if he could not give her something to restore the action. 'No, my daughter, it is death!' replied her father. Still he was induced to administer a potion, which gave


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immediate relief, and the dying girl suffered no more from this cause. In a few moments she again asked her father, how long he thought it would be before she was set free? and being told that she could live but a few moments longer, she collected her remaining powers, and with great exertion raised her hands exultingly,--clapped them together, and shouted so loudly as to be heard in the adjoining room, ' Glory!--Glory!--Glory!--I'm going home! '

Calm in her mind, and fully prepared to go; joyful in her anticipations of future glory, and full of the vivid realizations of her faith, divine grace enabled her, young and timid as she was, to defy the King of terrors, undaunted by his horrors; certain of victory, and a victorious crown. Still lingering in great pain, singing and groaning in the same breath, and in a continued state of serenity, she again inquired of her father whether he could not administer something that would relieve her pain. The remedies which he applied, contrary to his expectations, relieved her, and from this


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moment she was free from pain. Her strength soon failed, and she could speak no more. Her last words were, 'How long will life linger? When her hand became palsied, her voice hushed in death, and the cold damps gathered upon her marble brow, her eye and her heart were fixed on God; her countenance beamed with peace and triumph, and she seemed to say,

Thus died A NN T HANE P ECK , at the age of eighteen, exemplifying, by the grace of God, religion as it should be, transforming in life, triumphant in death.

[Illustration : A small oil lamp burns on top of a pile of books, in front of one which reads FINIS.]