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Johnson Solid

The Johnson solids are the Convex Polyhedra having regular faces (with the exception of the completely regular Platonic Solids, the ``Semiregular'' Archimedean Solids, and the two infinite families of Prisms and Antiprisms). There are 28 simple (i.e., cannot be dissected into two other regular-faced polyhedra by a plane) regular-faced polyhedra in addition to the Prisms and Antiprisms (Zalgaller 1969), and Johnson (1966) proposed and Zalgaller (1969) proved that there exist exactly 92 Johnson solids in all.


A database of solids and Vertex Nets of these solids is maintained on the Bell Laboratories Netlib server, but a few errors exist in several entries. A concatenated and corrected version of the files is given by Weisstein, together with Mathematica ${}^{\scriptstyle\circledRsymbol}$ (Wolfram Research, Champaign, IL) code to display the solids and nets. The following table summarizes the names of the Johnson solids and gives their images and nets.


1. Square pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J01.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J01_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

2. Pentagonal pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J02.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J02_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

3. Triangular cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J03.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J03_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

4. Square cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J04.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J04_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

5. Pentagonal cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J05.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J05_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

6. Pentagonal rotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J06.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J06_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

7. Elongated triangular pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J07.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J07_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

8. Elongated square pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J08.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J08_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

9. Elongated pentagonal pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J09.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J09_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

10. Gyroelongated square pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J10.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J10_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

11. Gyroelongated pentagonal pyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J11.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J11_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

12. Triangular dipyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J12.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J12_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

13. Pentagonal dipyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J13.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J13_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

14. Elongated triangular dipyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J14.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J14_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

15. Elongated square dipyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J15.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J15_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

16. Elongated pentagonal dipyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J16.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J16_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

17. Gyroelongated square dipyramid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J17.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J17_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

18. Elongated triangular cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J18.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J18_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

19. Elongated square cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J19.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J19_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

20. Elongated pentagonal cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J20.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J20_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

21. Elongated pentagonal rotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J21.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J21_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

22. Gyroelongated triangular cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J22.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J22_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

23. Gyroelongated square cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J23.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J23_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

24. Gyroelongated pentagonal cupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J24.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J24_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

25. Gyroelongated pentagonal rotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J25.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J25_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

26. Gyrobifastigium

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J26.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J26_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

27. Triangular orthobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J27.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J27_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

28. Square orthobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J28.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J28_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

29. Square gyrobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J29.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J29_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

30. Pentagonal orthobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J30.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J30_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

31. Pentagonal gyrobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J31.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J31_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

32. Pentagonal orthocupolarontunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J32.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J32_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

33. Pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J33.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J33_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

34. Pentagonal orthobirotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J34.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J34_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

35. Elongated triangular orthobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J35.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J35_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

36. Elongated triangular gyrobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J36.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J36_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

37. Elongated square gyrobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J37.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J37_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

38. Elongated pentagonal orthobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J38.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J38_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

39. Elongated pentagonal gyrobicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J39.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J39_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

40. Elongated pentagonal orthocupolarotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J40.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J40_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

41. Elongated pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J41.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J41_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

42. Elongated pentagonal orthobirotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J42.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J42_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

43. Elongated pentagonal gyrobirotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J43.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J43_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

44. Gyroelongated triangular bicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J44.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J44_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

45. Gyroelongated square bicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J45.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J45_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

46. Gyroelongated pentagonal bicupola

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J46.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J46_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

47. Gyroelongated pentagonal cupolarotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J47.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J47_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

48. Gyroelongated pentagonal birotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J48.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J48_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

49. Augmented triangular prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J49.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J49_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

50. Biaugmented triangular prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J50.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J50_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

51. Triaugmented triangular prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J51.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J51_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

52. Augmented pentagonal prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J52.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J52_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

53. Biaugmented pentagonal prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J53.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J53_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

54. Augmented hexagonal prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J54.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J54_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

55. Parabiaugmented hexagonal prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J55.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J55_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

56. Metabiaugmented hexagonal prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J56.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J56_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

57. Triaugmented hexagonal prism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J57.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J57_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

58. Augmented dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J58.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J58_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

59. Parabiaugmented dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J59.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J59_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

60. Metabiaugmented dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J60.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J60_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

61. Triaugmented dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J61.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J61_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

62. Metabidiminished icosahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J62.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J62_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

63. Tridiminished icosahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J63.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J63_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

64. Augmented tridiminished icosahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J64.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J64_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

65. Augmented truncated tetrahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J65.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J65_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

66. Augmented truncated cube

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J66.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J66_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

67. Biaugmented truncated cube

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J67.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J67_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

68. Augmented truncated dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J68.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J68_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

69. Parabiaugmented truncated dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J69.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J69_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

70. Metabiaugmented truncated dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J70.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J70_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

71. Triaugmented truncated dodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J71.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J71_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

72. Gyrate rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J72.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J72_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

73. Parabigyrate rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J73.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J73_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

74. Metabigyrate rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J74.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J74_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

75. Trigyrate rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J75.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J75_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

76. Diminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J76.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J76_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

77. Paragyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J77.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J77_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

78. Metagyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J78.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J78_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

79. Bigyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J79.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J79_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

80. Parabidiminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J80.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J80_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

81. Metabidiminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J81.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J81_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

82. Gyrate bidiminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J82.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J82_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

83. Tridiminished rhombicosidodecahedron

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J83.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J83_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

84. Snub disphenoid

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J84.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J84_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

85. Snub square antiprism

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J85.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J85_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

86. Sphenocorona

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J86.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J86_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

87. Augmented sphenocorona

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J87.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J87_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

88. Sphenomegacorona

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J88.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J88_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

89. Hebesphenomegacorona

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J89.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J89_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

90. Disphenocingulum

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J90.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J90_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

91. Bilunabirotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J91.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J91_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}

92. Triangular hebesphenorotunda

\begin{figure}
\BoxedEPSF{J92.epsf scaled 500}\quad\BoxedEPSF{J92_net.epsf scaled 500}\smallskip\end{figure}


The number of constituent $n$-gons ($\{n\}$) for each Johnson solid are given in the following table.

$J_n$ $\{3\}$ $\{4\}$ $\{5\}$ $\{6\}$ $\{8\}$ $\{10\}$              
1 4 1         47 35 5 7      
2 5   1       48 40   12      
3 4 3   1     49 6 2        
4 4 5     1   50 10 1        
5 5 5 1     1 51 14          
6 10   6     1 52 4 4 2      
7 4 3         53 8 3 2      
8 4 5         54 4 5   2    
9 5 5 1       55 8 4   2    
10 12 1         56 8 4   2    
11 15   1       57 12 3   2    
12 6           58 5   11      
13 10           59 10   10      
14 6 3         60 10   10      
15 8 4         61 15   9      
16 10 5         62 10   2      
17 16           63 5   3      
18 4 9   1     64 7   3      
19 4 13     1   65 8 3   3    
20 5 15 1     1 66 12 5     5  
21 10 10 6     1 67 16 10     4  
22 16 3   1     68 25 5 1     11
23 20 5     1   69 30 10 2     10
24 25 5 1     1 70 30 10 2     10
25 30   6     1 71 35 15 3     9
26 4 4         72 20 30 12      
27 8 6         73 20 30 12      
28 8 10         74 20 30 12      
29 8 10         75 20 30 12      
30 10 10 2       76 15 25 11     1
31 10 10 2       77 15 25 11     1
32 15 5 7       78 15 25 11     1
33 15 5 7       79 15 25 11     1
34 20   12       80 10 20 10     2
35 8 12         81 10 20 10     2
36 8 12         82 10 20 10     2
37 8 18         83 5 15 9     3
38 10 20 2       84 12          
39 10 20 2       85 24 2        
40 15 15 7       86 12 2        
41 15 15 7       87 16 1        
42 20 10 12       88 16 2        
43 20 10 12       89 18 3        
44 20 6         90 20 4        
45 24 10         91 8 2 4      
46 30 10 2       92 13 3 3 1    

See also Antiprism, Archimedean Solid, Convex Polyhedron, Kepler-Poinsot Solid, Polyhedron, Platonic Solid, Prism, Uniform Polyhedron


References

Bell Laboratories. http://netlib.bell-labs.com/netlib/polyhedra/.

Bulatov, V. ``Johnson Solids.'' http://www.physics.orst.edu/~bulatov/polyhedra/johnson/.

Cromwell, P. R. Polyhedra. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 86-92, 1997.

Hart, G. W. ``NetLib Polyhedra DataBase.'' http://www.li.net/~george/virtual-polyhedra/netlib-info.html.

Holden, A. Shapes, Space, and Symmetry. New York: Dover, 1991.

Hume, A. Exact Descriptions of Regular and Semi-Regular Polyhedra and Their Duals. Computer Science Technical Report #130. Murray Hill, NJ: AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1986.

Johnson, N. W. ``Convex Polyhedra with Regular Faces.'' Canad. J. Math. 18, 169-200, 1966.

Pugh, A. ``Further Convex Polyhedra with Regular Faces.'' Ch. 3 in Polyhedra: A Visual Approach. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, pp. 28-35, 1976.

mathematica.gif Weisstein, E. W. ``Johnson Solids.'' Mathematica notebook JohnsonSolids.m.

mathematica.gif Weisstein, E. W. ``Johnson Solid Netlib Database.'' Mathematica notebook JohnsonSolids.dat.

Zalgaller, V. Convex Polyhedra with Regular Faces. New York: Consultants Bureau, 1969.



info prev up next book cdrom email home

© 1996-9 Eric W. Weisstein
1999-05-25